Title: Association between obesity and cardiovascular diseases considering variations by ethnicity 

Abstract: Obesity is a major public health concern associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), the leading cause of death globally. Despite this well-established relationship, there isn’t current research exploring how this association varies across ethnicities. This study examines the association between obesity and CVD prevalence while assessing ethnic variations in this relationship. We conducted a cross-sectional study using the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2017 to March 2020, including adults 18 years and older. BMI categories (underweight, normal, overweight, and obese) were assessed with cardiovascular disease status. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models were utilized to understand this relationship, adjusting for potential confounders such as age group, gender, smoking, and physical activity. Obesity was significantly associated with increased odds of CVD. There were clear differences in ethnicity, with non-Hispanic blacks showing a stronger association compared to other groups. Hispanics had lower odds, contributing to the debate of the Hispanic Paradox. Additionally, underweight individuals showed higher odds after adjusting for confounders. Obesity continues to be a significant factor influencing the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), with clear ethnic differences highlighting disparities in health outcomes. These results underscore the need for culturally tailored, evidence-based interventions designed to meet the specific needs of diverse populations. Such approaches are crucial for fostering equitable health outcomes and supporting communities in achieving and sustaining healthy weight levels.

Chair: Dr. Ike Okosun